The Role Of The Church In Medieval Society Essays - Middle Ages

The Role Of The Church In Medieval Society The medieval period was at the very best a down period for civilization. Though not completely without advancement or good points, the period certainly lacked the credibility that other periods of time held in terms of enhancing the overall good of mankind. The Christian church, was certainly a primary force in the lack of success during this period. Owning almost ninety percent of all land, and ruling over the majority of the population with little compassion, the church, and the related nobility did little to quell social problems, and even less to foster learning and intellectuality. As a result, the church was responsible for the majority, if not all of the problems that arose during the medieval period. Evidence of the medieval period being very bad for man can be seen throughout many aspects of medieval society. Take for instance, the level of intellectual thinking during the period. Something, which flourished during the rise of the Roman Empire, but seemed to fall off the face of the earth after its collapse. The problems lied in the church, as the only people trained to read and write properly were monks and high officials of the church, who were locked away behind the walls of the church. Essentially the church limited intellectuality to those who it felt it could trust. If a peasant were to think for himself, thought the church, who knows what could happen to the hierarchy that we cherish. The lack of intelligence among the peasants was clear. Take for instance, the mapping system of the period. Though accurate maps were available, the church put out maps that were not accurate, and told the public they were true. And the public believed. There was however some advancement in technology, but most of it can be linked directly to the church. An example of this was in the area of architecture, where medieval architects took the art of cathedral building to a new level. Though not as stunning a jump as there was during the renaissance period in terms of architecture, some credit must be given to the middle ages as far as its ability to build cathedrals, as many still stand today. Similarly, tools, which became mainstays during the middle ages are still used today, and must thus be recognized as advancements for the middle ages. One example is the Lewis, which was a common masonry tool that has not changed from its medieval form at all even in the current day. Thus, while the Middle Ages were a mostly stagnant time in terms of technology and intellectual thinking, there was some advancement, though clearly linked to the church serving personal gains. Like the repression of technology and intellectual thinking, the hypocrisy of the Christian church also stood out during this period. Church officials were hypocritical about many things, which lead to an unbalanced unfair society, something that is never good for mankind. For example, while the church felt that everyone should be a member and worship Christ, it limited its officials to only those who could afford to buy themselves into a proper office. Likewise, the church spoke out vocally against taking advantage of people for personal gain, and yet, the church was probably the guiltiest party with regard to this during the medieval period. Claiming that a place in heaven can be assured by a monetary donation, or penance received by going to the middle east to kill Muslims for a holy war seems to at best stretch the beliefs of Christianity. Yet, the church took advantage of its power and in doing so showed its hypocritical tendencies. Thus, it was clear that there was much hypocri sy from the church during this time period. As a result of a clearly church dominated society, the level of economic growth was stopped. While there was some movement from one official to the next, it was very hard, if not impossible for one person to gain a foothold in society. Very often, the church owned everything, save what the nobility had protected via military force. As one can guess this is not conducive to a particularly stellar economic record, as this type of lack of movement

Languages of Spain Other Than Spanish

Languages of Spain Other Than Spanish If you think that Spanish or Castilian is the language of Spain, youre only partly right. True, Spanish is the national language and the only language you can use if you want to be understood almost everywhere. But Spain also has three other officially recognized languages, and language use continues to be a hot political issue in parts of the country. In fact, about a fourth of the countrys residents use a tongue other than Spanish as their first language. Here is a brief look at them: Euskara (Basque) Euskara is easily the most unusual language of Spain - and an unusual language for Europe as well, since it doesnt fit in the Indo-European family of languages that includes Spanish as well as French, English and the other Romance and Germanic languages. Euskara is the language spoken by the Basque people, an ethnic group in Spain and France that has its own identity as well as separatist sentiments on both sides of the Franco-Spanish border. (Euskara has no legal recognition in France, where far fewer people speak it.) About 600,000 speak Euskara, sometimes known as Basque, as a first language. What makes Euskara linguistically interesting is that it has not been shown conclusively to be related to any other language. Some of its characteristics include three classes of quantity (single, plural and indefinite), numerous declinations, positional nouns, regular spelling, a relative lack of irregular verbs, no gender, and pluri-personal verbs (verbs that vary according to the sex of the person being spoken to). The fact that Euskara is an ergative language (a linguistic term involving cases of nouns and their relations to verbs) has caused some linguists to think that Euskara may have come from the Caucasus region, although the relationship with languages of that area hasnt been demonstrated. In any case, it is likely that Euskara, or least the language it developed from, has been in the area for thousands of years, and at one time it was spoken in a much larger region. The most common English word that comes from Euskara is silhouette, the French spelling of a Basque surname. The rare English word bilbo, a type of sword, is the Euskara word for Bilbao, a city on the western edge of Basque Country. And chaparral came to English by way of Spanish, which modified the Euskara word txapar, a thicket. The most common Spanish word that came from Euskara is izquierda, left. Euskara uses the Roman alphabet, including most letters that other European languages use, and the à ±. Most of the letters are pronounced roughly like they would be in Spanish. Catalan Catalan is spoken not only in Spain, but also in parts of Andorra (where it is the national language), France, and Sardinia in Italy. Barcelona is the largest city where Catalan is spoken. In written form, Catalan looks something like a cross between Spanish and French, although it is a major language in its own right and  may be more similar to Italian than it is to Spanish. Its alphabet is similar to that of English, although it also includes a Ç. Vowels can take both grave and acute accents (as in and , respectively). Conjugation is similar to Spanishs. About 4 million people use Catalan as a first language, with about that many also speaking it as a second language. The role of the the Catalan language has been a key issue in the Catalonian independence movement. In a series of plebiscites, Catalonians have generally supported independence from Spain, although in many cases opponents of independence boycotted the elections and the Spanish government has contested the legality of the votes. Galician Galician has strong similarities to Portuguese, especially in vocabulary and syntax. It developed along with Portuguese until the 14th century, when a split developed, largely for political reasons. For the native Galician speaker, Portuguese is about 85 percent intelligible. About 4 million people speak Galician, 3 million of them in Spain, the rest in Portugal with a few communities in Latin America. Miscellaneous Languages Scattered throughout Spain are a variety of smaller ethnic groups with their own languages, most of them Latin derivatives. Among them are Aragonese, Asturian, Calà ³, Valencian (usually considered a dialect of Catalan), Extremaduran, Gascon, and Occitan. Sample Vocabularies Euskara: kaixo (hello), eskerrik asko (thank you), bai (yes), ez (no), etxe (house), esnea (milk), bat (one), jatetxea (restaurant). Catalan: sà ­ (yes), si us plau (please), quà ¨ tal? (how are you?), cantar (to sing), cotxe (car), lhome (the man), llengua or llengo (language), mitjanit (midnight). Galician: polo (chicken), dà ­a (day), ovo (egg), amar (love), si (yes), nom (no), ola (hello), amigo/amiga (friend), cuarto de baà ±o or baà ±o (bathroom), comida (food).

The 10 most common job interviewsâ€and how to rock them

The 10 most common job interviews- and how to rock them When you schedule an interview for a new job, you pretty much know what you need to work on: body language, your handshake, and your resume-based anecdotes. That’s it, right? You’re ready to go? Not so fast†¦the type of interview you’re facing can add a whole new level of prep and consideration. When you think â€Å"interview,† you might get an image of the traditional sit-down between you and a hiring manager, but in reality, there are lots of different kinds of interviews that might come up in your job search. It’s important to have a game plan for each kind. Let’s look at these interview types, and what you need to know to ace them.The Classic InterviewThis is the traditional sit-down interview where you go to the hiring company to discuss a specific job opening, and meet with either someone from HR or the person who will be your new boss. This is by far the most common interview type out there.What you need to know: You should be rea dy to field any question, from basic questions about yourself, your professional history, and your resume to more abstract questions about how you would approach the job. The best prep you can do for a classic interview is to make sure you have stories ready to go for all aspects of your resume, examples you can give to illustrate your skills and strengths.This type of job interview is also all about rules and tradition. Make sure you dress well, and are scrupulously on time.The Informational InterviewThis one might be a stretch as a â€Å"job interview,† but you might come across it in your job hunt, especially if you’re just starting out. In an informational interview, you reach out to someone in your target industry or at your target company to get more information about it. You’re the one asking most of the questions, and it’s not attached to hiring for a specific job opening. Informational job interviews are typically networking opportunities.What yo u need to know: Because you’re the one setting up the interview and driving the conversation, it’s important to come up with a list of questions or goal topics you want to discuss. If you need an icebreaker, ask the person to tell you a little bit about their role at the company, and what they like about their job.The Phone InterviewThe phone interview is often the first stop on the job interview trail. It may be done by necessity if you’re far from the interviewing company, but most often it’s a preliminary interview done by HR or a recruiter to see if they want to bring you in for a next-round interview. The questions are often general, as the interviewer is trying to get a preliminary sense of your qualifications.What you need to know: The best part about a phone interview is that while you’ll need to be â€Å"on† verbally, you can actually do it in your pajamas. Seriously, though, a phone interview has one very great advantage: you can h ave all sorts of notes in front of you, like an annotated version of your resume, or an outline of the talking points you want to hit. You can also work on your speaking style, which is the phone interview equivalent of working on your body language for a traditional interview.The Skype InterviewThe Skype interview (or other video chat interview) is kind of like phone interview 2.0. It’s used for remote interviews, particularly if you’re interviewing for a remote job or a job for which you’d need to move. The Skype interview may be a preliminary check to see if you’ll be brought in for an in-person interview later.What you need to know: The interviewer can see you, so you need to dress and act like you’re in a regular interview. The dress code may not be quite as formal, but- no pajamas. Business casual at a minimum. And you should pick a location that is private and quiet. That means no Starbucks, and make sure any rowdy pets or housemates are ens conced quietly somewhere else (bribes are always appropriate here).  The Job Fair InterviewJob fair interviews are on-the-spot interviews that take place at a mass job fair held by a particular company, or by a school or organization. These can feel a bit impersonal, as the interviewer might be seeing dozens of other people about a particular job opening, but don’t be intimidated. In a job fair interview, you need to be prepared to make a good impression very quickly. You may only have 10 minutes or so to let them know you’re the right one for the job, so speed and efficiency are key.What you need to know: Have your elevator pitch airtight and ready to go. You will likely not have the time to develop a nuanced conversation with the interviewer, so it’s important to have him or her know up front who you are and what your best qualifications are.The Behavioral InterviewA behavioral interview is an interview where you’re asked about how you handled things in the past, or would handle specific situations. It’s basically a scenario interview, where you’re supposed to talk through the process and logic. A behavioral interview (which might be mixed in with more traditional interview questions about your skills and qualifications) is designed to test your problem solving skills, and probe a little deeper into your resume beyond the bullet points on the paper.What you need to know: You can’t really anticipate what exact questions you’ll be asked, but the job description can be helpful. For each job description bullet, come up with a specific anecdote from your past about a time you faced something similar, and how you handled it. Try to have similar stories in mind for your resume bullet points as well.The Puzzle/Case InterviewIn this kind of interview, you’re given specific information and asked to solve a problem. In the business world, you might get a real-world problem like â€Å"how can Pepsi take m arket share from Coke?† In other contexts (tech companies like Google love puzzle interviews), you might get a tricky word or math problem to solve, like â€Å"how many venti coffees can fit in a 10-gallon drum?† It may be something realistic, or absurd- either way, the point is the journey you take to get there, not necessarily the answer.What you need to know: You can’t do much specific prep for this kind of interview, unfortunately. There’s no way to know the specifics of what you’ll be asked to do/quantify/theorize. For case interviews, you’ll be using your general business logic skills, so don’t get too bogged down in the details of the case.The Lunch InterviewLunch is social. A lunch interview, however, is a professional occasion. Don’t get sucked in by the apparent informality of eating with your potential future colleagues, even though this is usually a more conversational kind of interview. It’s typically a way f or the hiring manager to see what you’re like outside of the interview hot seat.What you need to know: Keep it professional. That’s not to say you should avoid the small talk, but be wary of the kind of personal details you discuss. Although you won’t have your resume in front of you next to your plate, try to keep in mind the same kinds of professional points you highlighted in your traditional interview. And even if others are drinking alcohol at lunch, definitely abstain- you want to stay sharp, and it’s never really appropriate to drink in an interview. There’s plenty of time for work happy hours later.The Group InterviewMany candidates go in to a group interview, but very few may come out holding that job offer. It looks a bit like the Hunger Games. It feels like the Hunger Games, if you’re one of the group. This format is common for sales jobs, or jobs or internships that are hiring multiple people at once. It’s an efficiency th ing, and it also lets the interviewing company see how well people do with group dynamics. The most important thing to remember here is that although you’ll be sharing the spotlight with others, the standard interview rules still apply when it comes to staying on topic (your own qualifications) and behaving professionally.What you need to know: The other people in your group are not your enemies, so focus on outshining them instead of sandbagging them. Pay attention to what they say and how their responses are received by the interviewers, because you might pick up tips on how to adapt or phrase your own answers. And slagging other people (even subtly) likely won’t get you very far in this interview format, so being confident and friendly is the mode you want to choose. After all, the interviewer is picking you to be a member of a team, and they need to know that you can play well with others.The Panel InterviewThis one sounds ominous, doesn’t it? The word †Å"panel† conjures up images like congressional hearings, or (more dramatically) firing squads. In reality, it’s often a time-saver for the hiring company, allowing them to condense several different interviewers into one interview slot. Or maybe the job calls for you to work with different teams, and it makes sense to present a cohesive front in the interview. Whatever the case may be, don’t fear the panel interview. You’ll be answering the same kinds of questions as a standard job interview, just to a few different faces.What you need to know: Each interviewer will likely have a different personality and style, so make sure you’re responding in kind. Make sure you give equal attention to each person in the interview, and be sure to get everyone’s name so you can follow up later with thank yous.The Working InterviewThe working interview is often a late-stage interview, or an interview for a job where it’s important to see how youâ€⠄¢ll perform on the job. You may be given a physical task (like in engineering) or asked to make a sales pitch. It’s a live demo of your resume skills, basically.What you need to know: Like with behavioral and puzzle interviews, the most important thing to do is to stay calm, think through your task, and perform it to the best of your abilities without overthinking it. You may feel a little self-conscious, but it’s likely that the interviewer will understand that.No matter what type of job interview you’ll be facing, there are three things you should always do:Be confident. You’re bringing a great package of skills and accomplishments, so own it!Send a thank you note after the interview. Even if you talked with someone very briefly, make sure they know you appreciate the time they took to meet with you.Be professional. Even when the format is more casual (like a lunch interview), remember that you’re auditioning to be an employee, not a buddy.The m ore you know about the types of interviews you may come across in your job hunt, the better prepared you’ll be. â€Å"Deer in headlights† isn’t a good look on anyone, and you want to make sure that you’re meeting each interview situation with confidence, grace, and the knowledge that you have what it takes to get the job.

Family Culture and Tradition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Family Culture and Tradition - Essay Example ctivities like chores, hobbies or classes that may be associated with the opposite gender and being treated as equals no matter what age or gender have inculcated in all of us strong values that we carry out in our own lives as adults. One tradition we have is sticking to a daily routine as much as we can. I clearly remember, at 6:00 every weekday morning, alarm clocks ring in our bedrooms. As my siblings and I come down to the kitchen, dressed for school, we see our mother busily preparing breakfast for all of us. Like in any other family, this is the time when everyone is in a hurry as we race around the house to get what we need for school. Our parents, on the other hand, prepare for work. Our father drops us off in school before going to the office. Our mother is left at home as she cleans up the mess we have left behind before she herself goes to work. We all have our own different schedules during the day. After school, my siblings and I proceed to our own activities – ballet, art class, violin lesson and karate class. We all have a full day before assembling back home when we arrive at different times. We children rest in front of the television or take a nap in our rooms, then do our chores and homework. We take turns helping out in the kitchen as our parents prepare dinner. Even our parents take turns cooking dinner with Mom cooking on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays and Dad cooking on Tuesdays and Thursdays. On weekends, we all pitch in cooking our meals or eat out. We usually have dinner together at 7:30. At the dinner table, everyone shares what happened to them during the day. Another special tradition we have at the dinner table is talking about our ‘up’ times and our ‘down’ times referring to the good and bad things that happened to us during the day. Sometimes, our talks are serious, but most of the time, we laugh and have fun with each other’s company. The dinner conversations we have keep us all updated with each other’s lives. I

Data mining does not violate the constitution Essay

Data mining does not violate the constitution - Essay Example They fall under different industry categories such as health care, finance, retail, aerospace, and manufacturing have began using data mining techniques as well as tools in a bid to take advantage of the historical information and data. Data mining has helped various analysts to acknowledge crucial facts, patterns, relationships, trends, anomalies, and exceptions that could have otherwise go unnoticed. This is usually achievable by sifting through the warehoused information primarily by using statistical, mathematical, and pattern recognition technologies. From the business organizations point of view, data mining is essentially an important tool for discovering patterns alongside relationships in the given data with a view to help make more useful decisions. Furthermore, data mining is vital for developing better marketing campaigns, predicting customer loyalty more accurately, and helping spot sales trends. Some of the specific uses of this technology include fraud detection, inter active marketing, direct marketing, market segmentation, trend analysis, and customer churn. Literature Review Different scholars have come out in strong defense of data mining with majority of them arguing that it does not violate the constitution. Nonetheless, various have also sort to prove the damning effects of data mining particularly looking at the privacy of individuals. ... Furthermore, the article elucidates how the U.S. investigators essentially advocating for the agenda on robust antiterrorism have compelled communications firms to store as well as turn over unprecedented information regarding the telephone calls of citizens, daily movements, and Internet communications. Similarly, the dual interests of the private sector intention to maximize profits and determination of the government to combat future terrorist attacks have imperiled the standards of human rights. Similarly, the article Twenty-First Century Surveillance: Dna Data Mining and the Erosion of the Fourth Amendment by Ferrell Kelly (2013) argues that every time a person visits a webpage, runs a search engine, or makes a call, text, or purchases data is collected, and analyzed in order to determine that person’s individual propensities and predict their future behavior. Corporations justify data mining technology as an efficient means of targeting interested consumers, while the go vernment boasts of national security and public safety to rationalize the surveillance technique. In essence, the corporations have constructive objectives and goals in terms of the way they intend to utilize the new technology to meet the demands of prospective customers. The government on the contrary has credited the technology owing to its capacity to handle national security as well as the safety of the public. In the article, Regulating Governmental Data Mining In The United States and Germany: Constitutional Courts, The State, And New Technology by Schwartz Paul (2011), the author looks at how the legal systems of Germany and the United States respond to the use of data mining by

Compassion Fatigue Essay Example for Free

Compassion Fatigue Essay ― Tahereh Mafi, Shatter Me The health care industry is made up of nurses, doctors, and other medical professionals who are dedicated to the care and healing of others. The modern medical field is a very fast-paced, stressful, and demanding environment. Often, the constant stress and demands of the job can adversely affect the healthcare provider. Not surprisingly, those who go into the healthcare industry, do so because they have a sincere desire to make a difference in people’s lives and provide care for a patient’s spiritual, mental, and physical needs. However, this type of career requires energy and dedication way beyond that of other comparable careers. â€Å"Compassion fatigue† is a common side-effect. â€Å"Compassion fatigue† can be defined as, â€Å"the gradual decline of compassion over time as a result of caregivers being exposed to events that have traumatized their patients (Cherry 497).† In fact, the damage that results from this condition has been linked to more sick days, high turnover rates, and decreased productivity. If left untreated, this condition can adversely affect patient safety, so it is vital that hospitals and healthcare providers are able to accurately recognize compassion fatigue and treat it early. (Landro, L. 2012) Compassion is an important and critical gift necessary for the care of others. Compassion can be defined as, â€Å"sympathetic consciousness of others distress together with a desire to alleviate it† (Merriam-Webster 2013). No one is immune to compassion fatigue. In fact, anyone caring for another person can suffer from it. However, compassion fatigue is more prevalent in the health care industry due to the extenuating nature of the work. The reality is that healthcare providers have an exhausting array of job duties that entail lengthy shifts, selfless service, endless dedication, love, and compassion. Due to the extreme demands, medical professionals often neglect their own personal needs for the sake of others. Every single day, healthcare professionals come face to face with disease, illness, decline in health, and death. Over time, it can be incredibly traumatizing. â€Å"Compassion is a verb.† ― Thich Nhat Hanh If not prevented or left untreated, â€Å"compassion fatigue† can negatively affect a caregiver emotionally, spiritually, cognitively, physically and behaviorally. Warning signs can manifest themselves in a variety of ways. The emotional effects of compassion fatigue can include mood disturbances, increased apathy, lassitude, irritability, discontentment, hopelessness, aggressiveness, hostility, numbness, and helplessness. (Eagan, T. 2012) Other signs may include oversensitivity, restlessness, depression, anxiety, and even substance abuse. (Lombardo, B., Eyre, C., 2011) The spiritual effects of compassion fatigue may often be harder to pinpoint. Warning signs may include subtle things such as starting to question one’s purpose in life, an increasing sense of disbelief or an increasing sense of aimlessness. (Ginter, C. 2010). The caregiver may start to question their personal religious beliefs, become increasingly skeptical and even question life’s meaning. (Portnoy, D. 2011) The cognitive effects of compassion fatigue can be easier to identify. It’s easy to observe when someone is having difficulty concentrating or is unable to focus on tasks and duties that are critical to the job. The work ethic and performance of the healthcare provider may also be affected, resulting in increased absences, low morale, decreased motivation, and overall negativity in the workplace. This not only affects the healthcare provider, but also their co-workers and patients. The physical effects of compassion fatigue can include, but are not limited to headaches, chronic pain, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and self neglect (poor diet, lack of exercise, poor hygiene). (Eagan, T. 2012) Other physical effects can include gastrointestinal complaints, hypertension, (Pfifferling, J., Gilley, K. 2000) muscle tension and cardiac symptoms (chest pain, tachycardia, and palpitations. (Lombardo, B., Eyre, C., 2011) Behavioral changes can include â€Å"isolating†, withdrawing, extreme hyper-vigilance, (Portnoy, D. 2011) apathy or extreme attention to work, avoiding, faking interest, blaming, restlessness, and even inappropriate humor (Ginter, C. 2010). â€Å"I would rather make mistakes in kindness and compassion than work miracles in unkindness and hardness.† ― Mother Teresa, A Gift for God: Prayers and Meditations Although compassion fatigue can be an easy problem to identify, the specific causes of this condition are often varied and harder to pinpoint. The stressful nature of a healthcare career can certainly create â€Å"the perfect storm†. Overall, health care professionals can feel stressed about things like control over workload, lack of recognition or appreciation of doing a good job. Lifestyle changes can also cause compassion fatigue. If the person is working too much without taking time off to relax, taking on too much responsibility with no help from others, not getting enough sleep, or not having a supportive relationship in their personal life, it becomes easier for compassion fatigue to develop. People with certain personality traits (pessimistic, perfectionist, those who do not delegate, and type A, and overachievers) are particularly predisposed to experiencing compassion fatigue or burnout. The constant exposure to negative situations, stress, loss, and giving more than receiving, in addition to having a more intense personality, can increase the risk of developing compassion fatigue. (Frandsen, B. 2010) â€Å"Compassion fatigue is caused by empathy. It is the natural consequence of stress resulting from caring for and helping traumatized or suffering people† (Portnoy, D. 2011). In the medical field, nurses, doctors, and other health care providers often witness pain, suffering and death first-hand. They play numerous roles with less time, resources and support. The increased demands and stress along with the constant exposure to negative and traumatic events can build up over time and put anyone at risk for compassion fatigue. â€Å"Love and compassion are necessities, not luxuries. Without them, humanity cannot survive.† ― Dalai Lama XIV, The Art of Happiness A caregiver is not so different from a patient. Both caregiver and patient have physical, spiritual, and emotional needs that must be met. When their own needs are neglected, caregivers are unable to properly care for their patients. In short, they’re hurting themselves as well as the patients. Maintaining regular exercise, staying hydrated, staying productive, eating healthy and taking time to rest and relax are critical ways to reduce the chances of developing compassion fatigue. Although spiritual beliefs may be different from person to person, it is vital to nourish and grow in one’s faith. Those needs may be different depending on beliefs and may include going to church on a regular basis, taking the time to pray or meditate, speaking with a church leader, reading scriptures, or having time alone to reflect and think. There are many different ways a caregiver can begin to focus on their spiritual health. (StopPain.org 2013) Emotional needs are another important area that should be nurtured. Emotional needs are just as important as physical and spiritual needs. A caregiver may need time to mentally unwind, have peace and quiet, laugh and cry, and â€Å"tune in† to their personal experiences and emotions. Taking short breaks to renew emotional energy and doing things that bring you joy and happiness are ways to increase and improve emotional health. (StopPain.org 2013) By making sure the needs of the caregiver are met, the caregiver, patients, and even the company will benefit from it. There are many ways to cope with compassion fatigue. Perhaps the most important way of addressing the needs of the caregiver is to acknowledge compassion fatigue when necessary and take aggressive steps to assist caregivers in finding supportive coping strategies. Some coping strategies according to Varner, J. (2004) include: asking for assistance and support from peers or other support groups, staying positive, smiling and talking to peers, using humor to decrease anxiety and tension, giving comfort through physical contact, taking breaks with peers and not alone, using problem solving tools, generating solutions, and focusing specifically on tasks at hand. Learning how to balance work and life essentially means learning how to invest the time and energy into taking care of oneself in order to effectively take care of others. Putting together a plan of self-care (journaling, yoga, meditation, exercise, proper diet, doing things that you find pleasure in, and doing non work related activities) as well as educating yourself and others on communication skills is vital in preventing compassion fatigue. Employers can aid in combating compassion fatigue by offering on-site counseling, support groups, de-briefing sessions, and bereavement interventions (Boyle, D., 2011) that all work together to give employees the tools and skills needed for prevention. Early recognition of compassion fatigue is vital to anyone in a caring profession. Maintaining and constantly improving self-care and creating optimal wellness are crucial in order to properly care for others. .†Caregivers need to be able to deliver excellence without compromising their well-being†(Portnoy, D. 2011). Caregivers often neglect their own personal needs for the sake of others and need to realize the importance of focusing on their own needs first. By taking care of their own needs and ensuring they have a life that entails supportive relationships, health care providers will be able to successfully care for their patients long-term.

The Voice of Billie Holiday Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Paper

The Voice of Billie Holiday      Ã‚  Ã‚   A woman stands before you, and although she isn't a politician, she expresses her moving thoughts on issues that affect all Americans. Her voice isn't harsh or demanding in tone. Her stature is slender and traced in a shimmer of light that reflects from her dress. A southern magnolia is lying comfortably above her ear. She sings. She sings of incomprehension, of hate, and of a race's pain. She sings low and confused. She sings as "Our Lady of Sorrow"(Davis 1), a representation of a whole people torn and discriminated against.   And though her speech is not spoken, she moves a crowd, one that gathers into many. Billie Holiday comes to prove that one woman's voice, singing one song, that calls awareness to one issue of society, can change the world.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Music has come to shape our views of society, love, race, and creed. We can all remember a time when a song evoked an emotion. The song seemed to express every feeling within us. The artist sang the words we longed to say, and the music expressed all the things we couldn't speak. At the same time, music can help express the things we don't understand in life, creating a bridge between differences. Music of a different artist can represent the point of view of someone that you don't understand, that looks at you funny, dresses different, speaks oddly, and believes something you don't. Music can express the emotions you feel, and the emotions that someone else feels.. Ray Charles once said, "Thank God for music, it was a salvation"(Keep on Pushing). Music is emotion: whether rage, love, lust, hate or confusion, music teaches us that our views fall within the same staff as the views of those we don't understand. ... ... <www.nytimes.com/books/98/03/08/reviews/980.08davist.html.>. Davis, Francis. "Our Lady of Sorrows." 2000. 9 Nov. 2001. <www.theatlantic.com/issues/2001/11/davis.htm>. Ellis, James. "Black Female Jazz Artists and Race and Gender Conscious Protest: Billie Holiday, Ella Fitzgerald." 12 Nov 2001. <www.wam.edu/~ellisj/news_femalejazz.htm>. Foley, Jack. David Marolick, Strange Fruit: Billy Holiday, Cafà © Society, and an Early Cry for Civil Rights. The Alsop Review. Running Press. 9 Nov. 2001.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   <www.alsopreview.com/foley/jfmargolick.html>. Keep on Pushing: Say it Loud. VH1 Productions, 2001. Margolick, David. "Strange Fruit: A Song that Reverberates in the American Soul." 14 Nov. 2001. <www.qkw.com/racematters/nytarchjb218.htm>.                                 

Justin Anson Distillery, Inc Essay

Justin Anson Distillery, Inc. is a company that produces quality whiskey and distributes their product throughout America. The company has recently has been trying to expand and increase their production. In order to increase their production they need to obtain more barrels in which they can age their whiskey for the necessary 4 years. This is going to incur the company many more costs in their production and also increase their inventory levels. It is now the firm’s dilemma how to report these new costs so their financial statements are accurate but also reflect the growth they are attempting. It is also important that the companies financial statements reflect will upon the company so they can obtain new loans from the bank to fund their growth. Question Analysis Assuming Anson decided to charge barrel costs (but not warehousing and aging costs) to inventory, what 2012 income statement and balance sheet items would change, and what would the new amounts be? (Assume no change in work-in-process inventory) Charging barrel costs to inventory would increase the operating income on the income statement and increase the amount of assets on the balance sheet. Both of these values would increase or decrease by the amount of the cost of the barrels, which in 2012 was $4,366. This would increase current assets from $21,813 to $26,179, and the operating income would increase to $6,883. If Anson’s suggestion of including all warehousing and aging costs in inventory were accepted, how would the 2012 financial statements be affected? (Assume no change in work-in-process inventory.) The 2012 financial statements would look drastically different if this were the case. Originally the costs charged to cost of goods sold was much greater in 2012 because the extra barrel costs were charged to this account. If they were charged to inventory instead of the cost of goods sold, the company will show a much greater profit. It will also lead to a build of inventory though and the assets of the company will increase dramatically and that will show up in the financials on the balance sheet. In your opinion, what costs should be included in Anson’s inventory when preparing financial statements to be submitted to Valley National Bank? The first thing that the company should do is checking the ethics of any accounting changes they are planning on making. If it is found that charging these costs to inventory could cause their statements to not meet standards then the changes cannot even be considered. However, if it is acceptable, it would be in the company’s best interest to charge only barrel costs to inventory. This would allow them to still control their inventory levels by allowing them to control how many barrels they want to purchase. Also, the financial statements will still show operating profits because the cost of barrels not being used as a part of sales wont show up in the costs of goods sold section of the income statement. By including this cost in inventory the company can still report favorable numbers and control their inventory in order to minimize the negative effects of inventory build-up that could hurt their financials in the future.

No end to this disgrace in sight! Essay

†¢ U. S. Prison Population Soars in 2003, ’04 The population of the nation’s prisons and jails has grown by about 900 inmates each week between mid-2003 and mid-2004, according to figures released Sunday by the Bureau of Justice Statistics. By last June 30 the system held 2. 1 million people, or one in every 138 U. S. residents. †¦ [The] increase can be attributed largely to get-tough policies enacted in the 1980s and 1990s. Among them are mandatory drug sentences, â€Å"three-strikes-and-you’re-out† laws for repeat offenders and â€Å"truth-in-sentencing† laws that restrict early releases. †¦ [M]any of those incarcerated are not serious or violent offenders, but are low-level drug offenders — ABC News, 2005-04-25 It’s a rosy future for the prisons-for-profit industry. †¢ Gregory Palast: Gilded Cage: Wackenhut’s Free Market in Human Misery †¢ A Letter to Barbara Bush †¢ Noam Chomsky: The War on (Certain) Drugs †¢ Lee Rodgers: The Duplicity of the War on Drugs Looking at the accumulated evidence that the Contras and the CIA engaged in cocaine smuggling to fund the covert war in Nicaragua, suspicion arises concerning the apparent coincidence that CIA-Contra drug smuggling was contemporaneous with the ‘war on drugs’. From a CIA covert action in Latin America the cocaine has made its way NORTH (ala Oliver North) to the American consumer, who is consistently portrayed as African-American by the mass media, even though the majority of cocaine consumption is by whites. The disturbing prospect arises that this ‘war on drugs’ was nothing more than CIA-style psychological warfare which sought to acquire as much as possible of the sum total of our civil liberties while particularly targeting minorities. †¢ Daniel Hopsicker: The Secret Heartbeat of America: A New Look at the Mena Story. I will never, as long as I live, forget our ‘Midnight ride to Mena,’ seated beside tour guide and American hero Russell Welch. I’m convinced that what I saw there that night was a fully functional and operational secret government installation. By that, I do not mean a secret installation of the government of the United States of America. Unh-uh. What I believe I saw, and what I believe exists in Mena, Arkansas today †¦ is an installation of the secret government that runs the government of the United States of America. And here’s what I suspect: that today, long after Oliver North has become nothing but a minor league radio DJ †¦ and long after the contra war is just a fading memory of yet another minor league war, our government — yours and mine — is going about the lucrative worldwide business of drug production and distribution. †¢ Peter Webster: Anatomy of a Fiasco: a review of The Swedish Drug Control System As with the understanding of crowd madnesses and ritual persecutions of old, a satisfactory and general theory of our great modern Prohibitionist folly will probably have to await not only the final demise of the madness, but an intervening period of normalization and healing recuperation lasting perhaps several generations. From the perspective of the distant future, historians may well conclude that the centuries-long phenomenon of Substance Prohibition †¦ reached its dizzying peak in the late 20th Century as a climactic exaggeration ad absurdum of a long-enduring collective delusion and paranoia. But even if we could, by virtue of a time machine, read such a theory today, the continued existence of the crowd madness in our midst would certainly preclude any general recognition or acceptance of its validity. Thus, although there now exist a few obscure essays which may someday be seen as harbingers of that still-distant revelation, they will probably have minimal influence on the immediate course of events and we can today do little more than study local details of the Prohibitionist phenomenon and force society to look at the ugly and counterproductive results of its obsession in the ongoing attempt at curing the malady by stages. There seems absolutely no possibility that a great and general truth about Prohibition, no matter how brilliantly expressed, could today awaken Western Civilization from its present nightmare. But in the meanwhile, to assist the growing number of individuals who can see the inevitable if distant dawn of a new rationality, a wealth of excellent literature exists and continues to grow at a gratifying pace. Such literature deals with the â€Å"local details† of the Prohibitionist phenomenon in ways which both illustrate its illogic and destructiveness to society, and suggests practical if only provisional tactics and strategy for limiting the ravages of Prohibition and tackling the difficult task of awakening the general public to its complicity and participation in a crowd madness of major proportions. †¢ Kristianna Tho’Mas: Opium War: Britain Stole Hong Kong From China Governments have been behind the drug trade for a long time. †¢ Illicit Lemon Drops Get Boy a School Suspension — from the Los Angeles Times, 1997-11-20: COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. — A 6-year-old boy has been suspended for half a day for bringing â€Å"drugs† to school: lemon drops bought in a health food store. The fire department and an ambulance were called after a teacher found first-grader Seamus Morris giving the candies to a fellow pupil on the playground Oct. 29, said his mother, Shana Morris. She said both boys’ parents were urged to take their children to the hospital for tests, despite her assurances that the lemon drops were harmless. John Bushey, an administrator at Taylor Elementary School, said the half-day suspension was consistent with the district’s drug policy, which treats unfamiliar products as controlled substances. Here’s the original Denver Post story. †¢ How the U. S. Drug War Plays in the European Media According to â€Å"Juan,† the US government is chiefly concerned with getting political and economic advantages from the drug trade †¦ â€Å"Washington uses the DEA to pressure other countries politically. † At times, the US permits drug trafficking so that it can get information to use to â€Å"blackmail foreign governments. † As the Hopsicker article shows, the U. S. State of Arkansas is one of the murky epicenters of the CIA’s smuggling of addictive drugs into America. Finally some light is falling upon the creepie-crawlie characters in this cesspool. The case of Dan Harmon is interesting: †¢ Dan Harmon Indicted. He â€Å"is charged with running a drug-related ‘criminal enterprise’ while serving as prosecuting attorney for the state’s 7th Judicial District and heading its federally funded drug task force. † †¢ Dan Harmon Convicted Despite the apparent wish of the federal prosecutors to take a dive, the jury convicts. †¢ Arkansas Justice An editorial from the Wall Street Journal. †¢ A Question Regarding Harmon â€Å"Harmon ran what a lawyer in Pulaski County recently described as ‘a reign of terror’ in the counties he was sworn to serve. All of that raises the question of why the man was not stopped earlier. † This is just the tip of the iceberg. Those interested in the drug scandals of Arkansas can read more on the CIA page and in the selected messages from the CIADRUGS mailing list. †¢ Crime and the War on Drugs — from Harry Browne’s 1996 U. S. presidential election campaign platform †¢ Vin Suprynowicz: The Big Lie †¢ U. S. to Criminalize Trade in Vitamins Are you a vitamin C abuser? †¢ DEA raid on Shulgin Laboratory †¢ Further information and ongoing reports from the trustee of the Alexander T. Shulgin Trust (including the final report). †¢ Drug lawyer speculates on the future. †¢ The Marijuana Policy Project The MPP is working to chip away at the excesses of the current prohibitionist policies, gradually replacing them with reasonable regulations. †¢ Interview with Michael Levine, former DEA agent, in which he relates his involvement as an undercover agent in heroin and cocaine smuggling in S. E. Asia and South America. †¢ Cocaine Politics — Drugs, Armies and the CIA in Central America A book by an academic and a journalist which exposes the lies and hypocrisy behind the â€Å"war on drugs†. †¢ A review of Smoke and Mirrors: The War on Drugs and the Politics of Failure †¢ A review of The Politics of Consciousness: A Practical Guide to Personal Freedom †¢ The Arguments against Cannabis are Flimsy! from the Usenet newsgroup uk. politics. drugs. †¢ The Introduction from the 1996 Positronics Sinsemilla Fanclub Catalogue. There are some countries (considerably more enlightened than the U. S. ) where the â€Å"war on drugs† is perceived even by the government itself to be a lie and a fraud. †¢ Paul Staines: Acid House Parties Against the Lifestyle Police and the Safety Nazis †¢ Costs of cannabis laws outweigh their alleged benefit, an excerpt from Marijuana: The New Prohibition by Professor John Kaplan. †¢ Civil Asset Forfeiture — the end of the rule of law Legal theft in America. †¢ The Introduction to Brenda Grantland’s Your House is Under Arrest You may say this could never happen in America because the U. S. Constitution protects you. There you are wrong, because it is happening in the U. S. — at an alarmingly increasing pace. †¢ Judy Aita: U. N. Drug Report †¢ Licensed to Deal, Marijuana Sellers Put Arizona on the Spot †¢ U. S. prosecutions of pro-marijuana doctors barred At the end of April 1997 a U. S. district judge issued an order temporarily barring the federal government from prosecuting California doctors who recommend marijuana to their patients. †¢ Court gives pot back to epileptic Judge Sheppard stressed that his decision had nothing to do with the recreational use of marijuana but was based on solid proof that the substance is an irreplaceable aid to Mr.Parker’s health problems. He said that to deny Mr. Parker the substance would be to interfere with his right to life, liberty and security of person. Liberty includes the right of an individual to make decisions of personal importance, the judge said, and health is surely one of them. †¢ Steven Silverman: A Harsh Civics Lesson †¢ Dr. Bernhard Haisch: A Viagra-model Solution to the War on Drugs †¢ Medical Use of Cannabis ‘Could Soon be Legal’ †¢ Illicit drug use in the EU: legislative approaches (372 Kb PDF file) †¢ Edgar J. Steele: Pogo Was Right.

To what extent is Othello presented as a tragic hero in Act 1 of Othello Essays

To what extent is Othello presented as a tragic hero in Act 1 of Othello Essays To what extent is Othello presented as a tragic hero in Act 1 of Othello Paper To what extent is Othello presented as a tragic hero in Act 1 of Othello Paper The famous Philosopher, Aristotle, explored what exactly is a tragic hero; he said, in his own words, A man doesnt become a hero until he can see the root of his own downfall. (1). Also, a man should have nobility from birth, as Aristotle says, yet Othello slowly climbed the ladder of hierarchy enabling him to stable that status as the Moor (Venetian Moor) yet he sets himself as a tragic hero because he isnt going to accepted into society due to his colour. Was his colour a conceit in a way, showing an anticlimax, foreshadowing the downfall of his status, making it less tragic? This is a mere criticism. Aristotles theories are intriguing, and I will be discussing these in detail later on in the essay. Another characteristic of a tragic hero is that the heros story must appeal to emotions. Clearly we are shown this in the first scene in act 1 where Shakespeare uses sibilance to characterise the main characters, Iago and Othello, in the play. The use of the word his automatically spits the word out in distaste. The word his is degrading for the moor, but the sibilance and the iambic pentameter in the sentence wears out his time, much like his masters ass emphatically forces the his out scornfully. The use of the article the in the moor also shows distaste as they cant even say the name. The fact that Iagos first words were Sblood gives us a vain, vivid spitting image and the vulgar language used such as the moor debase him This is an effective use of pathos as it appeals to our emotions towards Othello; this distaste helps us with not looking at the perspective, or the distorted view, of how Iago sees things. Aristotles point about appealing to emotions was correct and this is a sign of Othello being presented as a tragic hero. Iago is an allegory for the reoccurring fatal flaw in this act the fatal flaw is merely manipulation. Even though little manipulation is shown here, it is very intense. In act 1, scene two, Iago says that Roderigo prated and spoke such scurvy persuading the moor to get angry at Roderigo, yet the dramatic irony very much lies beneath these words as we know that Iago presents a fai ade or is, in other words, a representation of Janus (two faced) because Iago says, in scene 1, that he will follow him to serve my turn on him yet he goes against Roderigo now by saying that Roderigo spoke such scurvy. This fatal flow is merely a fai ade within Iago, which merely hides corruption from within, and Iago, of course, is a figure of corruption Othello is merely a tragic hero in some sense as he fell for the wrong person in terms of fraternal (male) bonds for help. This is a major fatal flaw as it showed how male companionship collapsed the foundation and made Othello a dawn fall . The quote an old black ram is tupping your white ewe can be an extended metaphor for the predatory nature of the world. Iago says that he will wear my heart upon my sleeve for daws to peck at, I am not what I am which is a denotation in an interpretive sense that a crow is a symbol of society and society is predatory and everything is deceptive. This dramatic irony is there to show the audience the fatal flaw in Othello believing Iago. Iagos predatory nature on Othello can spark off other events such as paranoia which is shortly developed after Othello being calm for so long it isnt bearable so paranoia sneaks in. His calmness is shown through his first words of Tis better as it is, giving a very patient approach to the situation. Yet, we expect this to juxtapose highly towards the end of the play as we see Iago can do anything to corrupt psychological states of people by manipulation and even greater, maybe paranoia. One critic has criticised the statement that Othello is presented as a tragic hero because Othello is overly aware of his nobility (2). The critic, Leavis, says that Eloquence is a form of arrogance. In act 1, scene 2, Othellos first words are quite subtly yet Eloquent Tis better as it is. Can we, as readers, interpret this as some form of arrogance? In my opinion, the subtlety of the words can confine arrogance. Leavis is very clever in making this statement, and his statement can say Othello is not presented as a tragic hero. A sense of it was doomed before the start is shown in Act 1, scene 3, where Desdemona has her very first words and Othello and herself proclaim love to each other. The iambic pentameter is very significant and Shakespeare very cleverly used it to show love in the blank verse. Nearly all are blank verses (no rhyme but with an iambic pentameter) yet some, for example, what Desdemona says: The rites for which I love him are bereft me breaks the iambic pentameter. This may show corruption in love or the fact that love is a concept which can cause annihilation but this is merely done to show that Othello has brought it on himself so can be a tragic hero. The audience here, have a sense of urgency to relief themselves (catharsis another trait of a hero being a tragic hero). The repetition of fill your purse with money which Iago says to Roderigo makes it as though life is a stage and that all our strings are being pulled by the creator. This repetition is highly manipulative as it says therefore make money. Though, this manipulation isnt a flaw for Roderigo, as his status is nothing compared to Othello, yet later on in the acts, Othello is slowly driven into paranoia by the vehicle Iago is driving and causing hamartia (fatal flaw). The socio-historical context with Macbeths is important as they interlink and you can come to a conclusion about both of them. From both, Othello and Macbeth, it shows Shakespeare is interested in deception; at the start of Macbeth, the tragic hero is characterised by Iago, and at the start of Macbeth by the witches. It seems as though Shakespeare is allowing us too see different perceptions, through women (witches) and men (Iago and roderigo). Lady Macbeth is almost a mirror image of Iago in a distorted way as they both drive to manipulate; Lady Macbeth manipulated Macbeth to go kill the king. Shakespeare questions whether we should break the convention of men before women or not, as both are corrupted and delusional and both play a part in the tragedy of the tragic hero

Business Plan For Candle Business In Nigeria Commerce Essay

Business Plan For Candle Business In Nigeria Commerce Essay Candles have been in existence for many years. At one time, people depended on them to light as well as heat their homes. Archaeologists have found proof of the existence of ancient candles in caves all over the world, most recently in France. The theory is that cavemen used candles as a source of light for etching their stories and charts on the walls of their homes. These candles were most likely created from fat derived from animals that were killed for food and fur. Even the ancient Egyptians created and used candles. Regardless of what material the candle is made of, to burn and provide adequate light and heat it has to have plasma, solids, gasses, and liquids. In today’s modern world, we create candles for our own personal enjoyment, as crafts and hobbies for most people. Some people enjoy making candles so much that they turn their craft into a profitable business. With a little creativity, you can make some truly unique candles, simply by adding your own designs and s kills. It is possible to make candles in every shape and size that you can imagine, and in any colours you can create. You can even add essential oils and fragrances to your candles, so that they not only provide decorative light, but a beautiful scent as well. Most of today’s modern candles are made primarily out of paraffin wax, but some are also made of beeswax as well. Paraffin wax is a wax that is derived from plants, found naturally all over the world. Strict safety precautions should be followed when making your candles. It could be very easy to make a small mistake and suffer serious burns from the wax, not to mention the very real danger of fire, when using or creating candles. There should be separate area in your home or workshop especially for candle making, with fire extinguishers readily available in case of emergency. For a new candle making, it will be best to start with simple candle designs, then increase the difficulty as your skill increases. The basic tec hniques of candle making, have to be learn and setup your work area appropriately. Pay attention to temperatures, and make certain that you are careful to follow safety rules. Candle making is fairly easy once when understanding the basics and perfect techniques. The good news is that the supplies needed in candle making are fairly inexpensive, so no worry about wasting money if ruin along the way. 1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The broad aim of the study is to introduce candle manufacturing business into Nigeria market in other to improve their standard of living. Along this broad aim emerges the following specific objectives which are: To determine the viability of Candle manufacturing business in Nigeria market. To determine the feasibility of Candle manufacturing business in Nigeria market. To determine the market trends for Candle business. CHAPTER TWO MARKET SURVEY / ANALYSIS 2.1 MARKET The end users of candle are mainly householders. It is their source of lightening during power outage. As earlier mentioned ‘white garment churches’ (the celestial and cherubim and seraphim) are the other end users of candle for making supplication to celestial bodies.

Article Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Review - Article Example Although the rates are low, the plan is continued to be criticized for its failure to maintain or raise the GDP and worsen the fiscal outcomes. The plan was only seen to raise the economic level at its initial stages of launch when the GDP increased by 8.3% in 2013-14 as compared to2010-11. It seems that the Prime Minister is trying to force this plan which not according to the opinions of the fiscal policy makers however much harm it might be causing to the economic development. The government should apply fiscal policy to come out of the economic problems it’s currently facing and the efforts to correct the situation without consideration of the fiscal policy will lead to the argument that discretionary fiscal policy is unnecessary. The fiscal policy is supposed to be sustainable and cyclic with adjustments to balance the economic situations. Like it had been experienced, criticism like those from Keynesians had brought back the economy to its recovery in the 1980 when the retail price inflation was seen to peak at 21.9%. This was reduced by the action of the bank which peaked its rate at 17%. By so doing, the rate of borrowing was raised hence only few people could afford to borrow funds. This reduces the money supply in the market which further raises the value of money thus reducing the inflation level. The prime minister should not expect monetary policy to achieve much since the debt of the country only changed from over-indebted banks to the over-indebted household borrowing. What the government should do is to use direct monetary financing of even larger fiscal deficits as this is seen to be more effective and less damaging than using looser monetary policy. The prime Minister however do not want to use the monetary and the fiscal policy to change the economy and this has made the UK economy by six times weaker th an it was